Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefuroxime is used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. Cefuroxime is used in infections of respiratory tract infections like pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, and bronchitis.
Large doses can cause cerebral irritation and convulsions; nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, GI disturbances; erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, epidermal necrolysis.Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis, nephrotoxicity, pseudomembranous colitis.
Probenecid decreases renal clearance of cefuroxime.Potentially Fatal: Nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides and furosemide.
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
Cefuroxime binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.Absorption: Absorbed from the GI tract with peak plasma concentrations after 2-3 hr (oral); may be enhanced by the presence of food.Distribution: Pleural and synovial fluid, sputum, bone and aqueous fluids; CSF (therapeutic concentrations). Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Protein-binding: Up to 50%.Metabolism: Rapidly hydrolysed (intestinal mucosa and blood).Excretion: Via the urine by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion (as unchanged); via bile (small amounts); 70 min (elimination half-life); prolonged in neonates and renal impairment.
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